Tuesday, August 25, 2020

Analysis of Barclays Bank Essay Example for Free

Examination of Barclays Bank Essay Presentation The way toward rebuilding the media transmission division really got going in Cameroon in June 1995, when the specialists concluded completely to change arrange industry segments, for example, water, power and broadcast communications with the end goal of making a good situation in which to build up their framework and administrations and in this way to fulfill progressively critical interest. The procedure appeared as advancement, State withdrawal from the divisions concerned and the foundation of aâ market structure empowering Cameroon to stay in sync with the particularly quick worldwide improvements in the media transmission area; without a doubt, despite the speculations made, the inclusion rate and nature of administration offered had remained generally lacking. The procedure was done not just by characterizing the conditions and instruments obligated to ensure the areas opening to private activity, yet in addition by sanctioning guidelines and taking estimates proposed to empower the segment to assume the definitive job occupant on it in Cameroons financial turn of events. Media transmission segment change in Cameroon isn't constrained to the foundation of new guidelines and enactment, to the amendment of the institutional system and the foundation of an interconnection system or to the presentation of rivalry. It ought to likewise include aligning conduct with the occasions. One of our main concerns is in this manner additionally powerful use of the guidelines with the end goal of satisfying the widespread assistance commitment, guaranteeing purchaser assurance and accommodating compelling and proper guideline of genuine rivalry. The procurement of the necessary skill is the greatest test we face. The institutional players on Cameroons media communications scene are, as in numerous other African nations, of the conclusion that any general public that delays in hopping on the NTIC train will stay buried in a condition of underdevelopment. Perceptions Background Prior to 1990, as in most African nations, media transmission administrations were overseen by a national freely possessed imposing business model. The organization accountable for media communications set the principles, guaranteed they were applied and was itself an administrator. The outcomes didn't in every case satisfy hopes. In June 1990, the President of the Republic marked the request on the program to privatize open and semi-open undertakings. The media transmission division was added to the program in June 1995. In July 1998, law 98/014 administering broadcast communications in Cameroon (the Telecommunications Act) was declared. It set up the Telecommunication Regulatory Agency and credited part duties to an assortment of players: the activity ofâ telecommunication systems to administrators, administrative issues, for example utilization of the principles and oversight of administrators, to an administrative body, the meaning of segment strategy and the establishment of market guidelines to the media transmission organization. In September of that year, two open ventures, CAMTEL for the fixed telephone utility and CAMTEL MOBILE for the cell phone administration, were set up to assume control over the media transmission exercises of the Ministry of Post and Telecommunications and of the open undertaking INTELCAM, which was accountable for working and creating universal media transmission establishments. The Telecommunication Regulatory Agency was set up at theâ same time. Following, the offer of a cell phone permit and the way toward privatizing CAMTEL and CAMTEL MOBILE got going. In June 1999, a cell phone permit was conceded to a private venture. The privatization of CAMTEL MOBILE was finished in February 2000. The privatization of CAMTEL isn't yet finished. A third cell phone permit is to be given. In under two years, the part has experienced far reaching development. Get the job done it to make reference to one marker: in January 2000 there was one cell phone administrator with around 5 000 supporters; on 31 March 2001 there were two administrators with more than 140 000 endorsers. This fast and top to bottom change is occurring inside a continually improving lawful system. II A liberal lawful system The advancement of new advances and progression have allowed access to new media transmission administrations which, contingent upon their particular natures, require suitable guideline. The Telecommunications Act presents another administrative structure, opening the media transmission part to rivalry. The system, which recognizes open and private systems, accommodates three legitimate game plans: concessions, authorizationsâ and affirmations. 1 Concessions The State can allow one or a few open or private corporate bodies all or some portion of its privileges to set up as well as work media transmission systems. The concession is dependent upon exacting consistence with the necessities set out in a rundown of terms and conditions. This plan permits the State not exclusively to watch out for the amicable advancement of present day media transmission foundation, yet in addition or more all to uplift its authority over the turn of events and flexibly of the essential administrations and offices us ually requested by most of clients. 2 Approvals The course of action of earlier approval applies to the foundation as well as activity of media transmission arranges by physical people or corporate bodies with the end goal of furnishing the general population with an essential telecom administration, a worth included assistance, a conveyor administration or some other help by utilizing one or a few radio frequencies. A rundown of terms and conditions containing the prerequisites to be met is connected to the permit gave to the conveyor of an earlier approval. The approval is given for a fixed period and can be pulled back in specific situations. 3 Statements Statements apply to the foundation of private interior systems, low-range and low-limit private free systems (that are not radio systems), low-range and low-limit radio establishments (to be determinedâ by the Administration), and the arrangement to the general population of media transmission benefits other than those subject to the courses of action of concession and approval. Media transmission terminal hardware is either openly given or subject to type-endorsement. Certain arrangements of the Telecommunications Act are itemized in orders and actualizing enactment. We will not look at all of them here; to be sure, some of them are as yet being drafted. The change in Cameroon built up the division between the administrative and working capacities. It works for administrators being elements constrained by private capital. The general structure for rivalry is administered by enactment on rivalry. The lawful system is enhanced by foundations. III 1 A reconsidered institutional system The media transmission organization Range the board and the enactment and guidelines identifying with broadcast communications are the select space of the State. The media transmission organization has been contributed, in the interest of the administration, with general purview over the part. It sets the general administrative structure. It consequently builds up and executes media transmission segment strategy, whose point must be to shield the missions of open help, to advance amicable system improvement all through the national region and powerful private area support in the divisions riches and business creating exercises, and to guarantee consistence by all administrators with the appropriate arrangements, laws and guidelines. Also, the organization directs the media transmission area, regulates open media transmission ventures, speaks to the State at universal media transmission related associations and occasions, and deals with the radio range for the benefit of the State. The Telecommunication Regulatory Agency, which in fact answers to the media transmission organization, is the particular body in control ofâ facilitating real utilization of the guidelines gave. 2 The Telecommunication Regulatory Agency The association of the Telecommunication Regulatory Agency set up by the Telecommunications Act is gone ahead in order No. 98/197 of 8 September 1998. The Agency has three primary obligations: †to guarantee the guidelines are actualized; †to ensure regard for the guidelines and the activity of rivalry; †to settle certain questions between administrators. The Agencys administrative authority is dependent upon execution of the accompanying exercises: †meaning of the standards administering taxes for administrations; †assessment of solicitations for approval and statement and of type-endorsement documents for terminal hardware to be associated with open systems; †foundation of standards for ascertaining interconnection costs; †foundation and the executives of numbering plans; †the board of the frequencies ascribed to broadcast communications; †accommodation to the legislature of proposition planned for creating and modernizing the segment; â € feelings on draft authoritative and administrative writings concerning media communications; †control and punishments for infractions. The Agency is explicitly skillful to settle debates concerning interconnection, access to an open system, numbering, instances of hurtful impedance, and sharing of foundation. The Telecommunications Act furnishes the Agency with a semi legal body and a discretion strategy can be gotten under way should either of the gatherings be contradicted. The gatherings stay allowed to bring their case under the watchful eye of the equipped court. IV HR HR are the way to the board and progress, for they have information, that rarest of financial wares in the 21st century. The present progress from a restraining infrastructure condition to that of controlled competit

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Pro-social effects of the media Essay Example for Free

Expert social impacts of the media Essay One clarification of the expert social impacts of the media on conduct originates from Banduras Social Learning Theory. Banduras investigate recommends that kids learn through watching a conduct, afterwards mimicking it if the desire for remuneration is high. For instance the youngster needs to focus on a good example for instance observing a hero, at that point there should be maintenance of the data into the LTM, propagation, so the kid impersonates a similar sort of conduct, for example, helping other people, lastly the kid should be propelled to emulate the conduct, for example, being a similar sexual orientation. The procedure of social learning works similarly for learning ace social goes about as observed on TV as it accomplishes for learning hostile to social acts (vicarious support). Not at all like the delineation of against social acts, be that as it may, the portrayal of professional social acts, (for example, liberality or aiding) is probably going to be as per set up social standards (e.g., the should be useful and liberal to other people). Accepting that these social standards have been disguised by the watcher, the impersonation of these demonstrations, in this way, is probably going to be related with the desire for social support, thus the youngster is roused to rehash these activities in their own life. Besides, Bandura would likewise propose that the star social impacts of the media gets from complementary determinism whereby individuals who watch programs about helping individuals will warm up to individuals who watch comparative TV programs. A second clarification of how the media impacts expert social conduct originates from examination into formative patterns. Professional social practices have been demonstrated to be dependent upon the improvement of expert social aptitudes, for example, point of view taking, sympathy and a significant level or good thinking which keep on creating through immaturity, which increment with age (Eisenberg, 1990). E.g., explore has indicated that little youngsters are less ready to perceive the enthusiastic condition of others and are more uncertain of how to help. It has additionally been discovered that youngsters experience issues perceiving and seeing master social messages, and might be less influenced by ace social messages if these depictions are more perplexing than the straightforward displaying of explicit conduct (Mares, 1996). One quality of media effects on master social conduct originates from further observational help from Woodward (1999). In their examination they found that US programs for pre-younger students had elevated levels of expert social substance: 77% of projects reviewed contained at any rate one star social exercise. This recommends there is more extensive scholarly validity for the impact media has on star social conduct. A further quality of LST originates from further exact help gave by Mares and Woodward (2001). They found from their exploration that kids are most influenced when they can see definite strides for positive conduct, for example, when somebody gives tokens. This could be on the grounds that they can recollect solid acts superior to digest ones. This proposes there is more extensive scholarly believability for impersonating expert social conduct. Moreover, the clarifications into the media impacts on expert social conduct is that there are down to earth applications. For instance, Johnston et al. Discovered that learning ace social conduct was best when there were follow up conversations. For instance, when Johnson indicated understudies a TV program in a study hall and joined by instructor drove conversations understudies were all the more ready to help. This recommends utilizing SLT of media can improve the nature of people groups lives who are hostile to social. At last, the examination into media impacts on expert social conduct is that it has high unwavering quality. The explanation behind this is on the grounds that the examination is completed in a research facility study, where there is power over the IV and DV and most unessential factors are decreased. This recommends on the off chance that the exploration was tried and re-tried, at that point similar outcomes would be accomplished. Be that as it may, one shortcoming of the SLT is that in light of the fact that the hypothesis is situated in investigate from the lab is it needs environmental legitimacy. Huston (1983) contends that a few projects encourage just constrained sorts of ace social conduct that don't generally apply, in actuality. For the best impact stories need to delineate common regular thoughtfulness and helping and, after the program grown-ups in the childrens life need to talk about the program content with them and good example ace social conduct over the span of play. This proposes the discoveries from this examination couldn't be applied to genuine circumstances. Another shortcoming of Johnstons look into is that there is conflicting proof gave by Rubenstein et al. (1982). They found that in an investigation of teenagers hospitalized for mental issues, found that present survey conversation drove on diminished philanthropy, conceivably on the grounds that the young people needed to take up a view that was in opposition to that held by grown-ups. In addition, the impacts of media on genius social conduct is that it is reductionist. The explanation behind this is on the grounds that different components should be included, for instance character and demeanor of the youngster and guardians. This recommends the exploration is oversimplistic when clarifying helping conduct. A last shortcoming is that the examination is socially explicit. The explanation behind this in light of the fact that most of the examination has been done in the USA and along these lines the measures of genius social conduct might be distinctive to non-western social orders. This proposes the examination can't be summed up to the entire populace.

Sunday, August 2, 2020

The Best of Times

The Best of Times Im back on campus! I just finished my 10-week internship at the New York Times, which at one point made me use so much Rails I had dreams about it. I also did good amount of UI/UX and product design for an intern side project, culminating in a presentation that caused me to stand in an embarrassing well-what-do-we-have-here pose in front of a nonsensical slide that I designed as my group members snuck micro-naps in the back. The Times was not at all what I expected, but everything I couldve hoped for. Everyone was incredibly friendly, an expert in their field (be it marketing or puzzles), and very quick and witty. The only people in suits were either part time fashionistas or worked in the legal department. All in all, a great internship that was far from corporate, as these non-staged photos suggest: I cant reveal what I was working on, but I can say everything is going in a positive direction. :) The rest of the summer was running around New York trying to cram in as many experiences as I could with my new baby: Immediately after the internship ended, I had a brief stint in Canada for my older sisters wedding. Bonnie (my parents let her name me) trusted me enough to design some of her wedding material! And now Im back on campus settling in and trying to feng shui the hell out of my room. Coming up in the next three weeks with accompanying blog posts: another weekend in New York, preparing and helping run the pre orientation program DEAL (Discover Entrepreneurship and Leadership), sorority recruitment preparation and then sorority recruitment! And then school, or something. How was your summer?

Saturday, May 23, 2020

The Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne - 885 Words

The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne is book filled with complex themes and ideas. The author creates complex characters full of morbidity to carry out the plot. The main characters, Hester Prynne, and her husband Roger Chillingworth, are a prime example of morbid character’s from their gloomy aura, to their melancholy demeanor. Due to Hester’s misfortune and sin, she’s lost her beauty, and in a sense her happiness. This is the same reason Chillingworth has become obsessive in trying to find Hester s lover and has planned â€Å"to see him tremble.†(pg.70) The strict standards and harsh punishment of the Puritan society eventually eroded the personality of Hester, leaving her as a wilted flower. From the beginning chapter when she steps outside of the prison doors, we see the consequence of her actions. She’s holding baby Pearl in her hands as the sun shines on her and the infant, â€Å"it seemed to her sick and morbid heart, as if it were mea nt for no other purpose than to reveal the scarlet letter on her breast.† (pg72) Hester was starting to see the world in a pessimistic view, where everything was a punishment from god because of her infidelity. When out in the market Hester is made into a lesson, any place she goes people gawk and whisper at her scarlet letter. Hester makes her living by making fine clothing for high officials in the community, the only thing she’s not allowed to make are veils. With these skills, Hester makes exquisite clothes forShow MoreRelatedThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1242 Words   |  5 PagesLYS PAUL Modern Literature Ms. Gordon The Scarlet Letter The scarlet letter is book written by Nathaniel Hawthorne who is known as one the most studied writers because of his use of allegory and symbolism. He was born on July 4, 1804 in the family of Nathaniel, his father, and Elizabeth Clark Hathorne his mother. Nathaniel added â€Å"W† to his name to distance himself from the side of the family. His father Nathaniel, was a sea captain, and died in 1808 with a yellow fever while at sea. That was aRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne960 Words   |  4 Pages3H 13 August 2014 The novel, The Scarlet Letter, was written by the author Nathaniel Hawthorne and was published in 1850 (1). It is a story about the Puritan settlers of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, set around 1650 (2). The story is written in the third person with the narrator being the author. The common thread that runs through this novel is Hawthorne’s apparent understanding of the beliefs and culture of the Puritans in America at that time. But Hawthorne is writing about events in a societyRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter, By Nathaniel Hawthorne919 Words   |  4 Pagessymbolism in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s â€Å"The Scarlet Letter†. Symbolism is when an object is used in place of a different object. Nathaniel Hawthorne is one of the most symbolic writers in all of American history. In â€Å"The Scarlet Letter†, the letter â€Å"A† is used to symbolize a variety of different concepts. The three major symbolistic ideas that the letter â€Å"A† represents in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s â€Å"The Scarlet Letter† are; shame, guilt, and ability. In Nathaniel Hawthorne’s â€Å"The Scarlet Letter†, the firstRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1397 Words   |  6 PagesFebruary 2016 The Scarlet Letter was written by Nathaniel Hawthorne in 1850 which is based on the time frame of the Puritans, a religious group who arrived in Massachusetts in the 1630’s. The Puritans were in a religious period that was known for the strict social norms in which lead to the intolerance of different lifestyles. Nathaniel Hawthorne uses the puritan’s strict lifestyles to relate to the universal issues among us. The time frame of the puritans resulted in Hawthorne eventually thinkingRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne999 Words   |  4 Pages Nathaniel Hawthorne is the author of the prodigious book entitled The Scarlet Letter. In The Scarlet Letter, Hester Prynne commits adultery with Reverend Arthur Dimmesdale. Her husband, Roger Chillingworth, soon finds out about the incident after it becomes clear that she is pregnant. The whole town finds out and Hester is tried and punished. Meanwhile, Roger Chillingworth goes out then on a mission to get revenge by becoming a doctor and misprescribing Dimmesdale. He does this to torture DimmesdaleRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter, by Nathaniel Hawthorne1037 Words   |  5 Pagesthat human nature knows right from wrong, but is naturally evil and that no man is entirely â€Å"good†. Nathaniel Hawthorne, author of the classic novel The Scarlet Letter, believes that every man is innately good and Hawthorne shows that everyone has a natural good side by Hester’s complex character, Chillingworth’s actions and Dimmesdale’s selfless personality. At the beginning of the Scarlet Letter Hester Prynne is labeled as the â€Å"bad guy†. The townspeople demand the other adulterer’s name, butRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1517 Words   |  7 PagesNathaniel Hawthorne composes Pearl as a powerful character even though she is not the main one. Her actions not only represent what she is as a person, but what other characters are and what their actions are. Hawthorne makes Pearl the character that helps readers understand what the other characters are. She fits perfectly into every scene she is mentioned in because of the way her identity and personality is. Pearl grows throughout the book, which in the end, help the readers better understandRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter, By Nathaniel Hawthorne1488 Words   |  6 Pages In Nathaniel Hawthorne’s novel The Scarlet Letter, the main character, Hester Prynne, is a true contemporary of the modern era, being cast into 17th century Puritan Boston, Massachusetts. The Scarlet Letter is a revolutionary novel by Nathaniel Hawthorne examining the ugliness, complexity, and strength of the human spirit and character that shares new ideas about independence and the struggles women faced in 17th century America. Throughout the novel, Hester’s refusal to remove the scarlet letterRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1319 Words   |  6 PagesPrynne and Arthur Dimmesdale are subject to this very notion in Nathaniel Hawthorne s The Scarlet Letter. Hester simply accepted that what she had done was wrong, whereas Dimmesdale, being a man of high regard, did not want to accept the reality of what he did. Similar to Hester and Dimmesdale, Roger Chillingworth allows his emotions to influence his life; however, his influence came as the result of hi s anger. Throughout the book, Hawthorne documents how Dimmesdale and Hester s different ways of dealingRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1714 Words   |  7 PagesSome two hundred years following the course of events in the infamous and rigid Puritan Massachusetts Colony in the 1600s, Nathaniel Hawthorne, descendant of a Puritan magistrate, in the 19th century, published The Scarlet Letter. Wherein such work, Hawthorne offered a social critique against 17th Massachusetts through the use of complex and dynamic characters and literary Romanticism to shed light on said society’s inherent contradiction to natural order and natural law. In his conclusive statements

Sunday, May 10, 2020

The Diversity Of A Multicultural Workforce - 1151 Words

As for Google it is known for have a multicultural workforce however they lack on the amount of women working at google one of the reasons for this is they nature of the business, technology most women are actually not interested in technology jobs so it more prominently dominated by males. For this reason it more likely for the best candidates to be male as to there is more of them. However Google is using the diversity management to attract more employees from and develop the world’s most talented and diverse people. (Washington Post, 2015) (USATODAY, 2015) At Google they have â€Å"employee resource groups† which they educate about different cultures at Google such as Asian, blacks, Filipino, gays ( which they call Gayglers) American Indian, veteran, women in engineering as well as women empowerment, the older employees, Hispanics, Indus, the disabled and special needs. What these groups do is provide mentorship, policies and programs, cultural events, community se rvice opportunities as well as work opportunities to develop professionally, encouragement for employee to become leaders and workshops so that employees can have a better perceptions of others, interactions their co-workers and clients, and the business overall . Employee resource groups also provides networking, awareness and understanding of diversity, it attracts, retains and developing employees thus giving them information that will help them reach their full potential. (Google.co.uk, 2015) DiscriminationShow MoreRelatedThe Multicultural Workforce Essay1653 Words   |  7 PagesThe Multicultural Workforce: Inside Worldwide Telecommunications Inc. Introduction Telecommunication is a vital element within a growing company. But it is the diversity of a multicultural workforce that is the actual drive of the business. Telecommunication is the fastest way businesses are conducted all over the world. Employees would be lost without the aide of their computers, fax machines, and cellular phones. These machines not only make the work load process smoother and fasterRead Moreworkplace diversity paper1115 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ Benefits of Workplace Diversity In the 21st century, workplace diversity has enhanced organization performances and communication skills which benefited the organizations to become successful businesses. Increasing adaptability in the workplace, having to value diversity, and executing more effectively are three benefits of workplace diversity. Organizations most definitely have the ability to embrace their workplace diversity by helping their employees realize the benefits that enhances the businessRead MoreThe Diversity Of A Multicultural Organization1224 Words   |  5 PagesThe multicultural organization Historically, diversity in the workplace was seen as an employment equity issues. As the years passed by, it all changed. The surge of globalization has needed the collaboration among people of different backgrounds and cultures. Nowadays, organizations are now creating a diverse workforce beyond just gender, race, ethnicity, and nationality. Many U.S. organizations are embracing women, ethnic minorities, and foreign-born employees more than ever before in historyRead MoreThe Value of Multiculturalism and Diversity in Business Essay1111 Words   |  5 PagesThe Value of Diversity and Multiculturalism in Business Diversity and Multiculturalism are two topics that, themselves, are not new. To start off with a uniform basic understanding, what are diversity and multiculturalism? According to Merrium-Webster, Diversity is ‘the condition of having or being composed of differing elements, especially the inclusion of different types of people (as people of different races or cultures) in a group or organization’. Whereas, Merrium-Webster defined multiculturalismRead MoreCulture Diversity And Diversity1639 Words   |  7 PagesIn today’s society the words culture, diversity and multicultural environments are used to support the idea of an inclusive organization. Adhering to federal and state mandates, in addition to maintaining a politically correct appearance with regards to culturally diverse organizations is the new normal. The purpose of this paper is to examine the definitions of culture, diversity and multiculturalism as well as provide some insight into the current standi ngs around these topics as a nation and withinRead MoreThe World s Largest Rate Of Migrant Workforce1075 Words   |  5 PagesABSTRACT For a city like Dubai managing diversity in a population so diverse and unique has become not only a challenge but a priority. The future stability and prosperity of Dubai rests on how and what the authorities will react in the years to come. The UAE with the world’s largest rate of migrant workforce continues to show upward trend with workers from India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Philippines, Indonesia, Australia, USA, Europe and others. Along with the migration there is the mingling of differentRead MoreUnderstanding the Multicultural Workforce: Challenges, Issues and Differences1490 Words   |  6 PagesUnderstanding the Multicultural Workforce: Challenges, Issues and Differences Michael Widdowson Organizational Behavior November 25, 2012 Understanding the Multicultural Workforce: Challenges, Issues and Differences Multicultural workforces are becoming more prevalent in todays business environment. Businesses that make effective use of the talents of the workforce and value the differences that are present within it will certainly prosper under these conditions. Those employers whoRead MoreWhat Diversity Can Make Your Company?1435 Words   |  6 Pages Diversity in the Workplace Devany Irvin Over the course of time, people from many different cultures have migrated to the United States, making our nation and workforce a melting pot of languages. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, it is estimated that currently more than 300 languages are spoken in the United States. This makes it a daily challenge for companies who provide us with our daily needs and wants, it is evident that not all companies hire one person per everyRead MoreLeadership Initiative : Workforce Diversity Management996 Words   |  4 PagesLeadership Initiative in Workforce Diversity Management The authority of an association is tasked with the obligation of starting and driving the association s elements, cultivating productive practices and guaranteeing that their approaches and practices bolster the association s vision while being receptive to change. In overseeing various workforce, the leaders have to communicate. The changing workforce is one of the difficulties confronted by associations in the later past and most organizationsRead MoreGlobalization Has Become The Root Of Changing The Demographic Diversity Of The Workforce857 Words   |  4 PagesGlobalization has become the root of changing the demographic diversity of the workforce in an organization throughout the world. Diversity does not only imply race and gender, but it shows that every person is different and that their culture is characterized as individual. Individuals in an organization have their own different customs, values, and perspectives; employers must be mindful of all of these differences. Succ essfully managing cultural differences would allow organizations to be more

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Marketing Blockbuster Free Essays

Blockbuster is an entity in operation of varied websites which are aimed at protecting individuals work from external piracy.   Its administration follows a responsive schedule of administrative activities through which it can provide its service to its customers in the most efficient manner.   Service is organized through the online, where personal information is collected for the processing of such protection to piracy of materials from its users. We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Blockbuster or any similar topic only for you Order Now    In all its activities it exercises high marketing orientations for its services to its current user and even non-user. Strengths: By the nature of its activities, its services are offered for the protection of piracy in people’s production and works.   Firstly, this is an adaptative feature with Blockbuster, where it can even capture many users in respect to the current problem in piracy of copyrighted work and other materials.   Piracy has been voiced as a global problem, which has called for many sanctions, laws and regulations for the protection of individuals work.   There have been many attempts by many governments in order to control the state of piracy among productions.   To Blockbuster, they attempt to formulate a strategy that works to protect piracy in productions have had it get many customers who try to seek refuge in their work against piracy. Either, it has a diversified plane of the customers that it serves in which case, Blockbuster serves varied discipline of materials against piracy.   Through this, it can thus reach many varied character traits and customers work productions Block duster has wide spread website advertisements that captures many customers. Such a method helps to reach many customers. Weaknesses The organizational structure of service to customers consists of a system of broad requirements where it has to collect wide range personal information from its customers.   Such system has been composed of too informal and bureaucratic requirements that only work to outweigh the strengths born to its customers.   Either, the exercise of joining the organization by the customers has also been too expensive in terms costs. This problem has even led to failure by most interested parties to join the system for their services.   The system also addresses on specific requirements for the customers to join it, where some specific requirements to the work under protection is required.   This has worked to outweigh most of the customers to joining the system. Opportunities Due to its varied nature of its operations, Blockbuster has the potential of expanding and even reaching many people.   Its operation is based on voluntary basis where any interested individual can join the organization.   It’s highly non discriminative in terms of geographical, ethnic or even racial grounds.   With this modality, it invites all interested people who can join their service provision. Either, its operations are done online which reduces the effect of distance barrier for people in receiving their services. It can therefore attract many people through more online administration.   Due to the expanding nature of protection to materials in the globe, Blockbuster have a broad arena of expanded horizons in giving services to its customers who are highly in an attempted to seek protection of their work against piracy. (McConnell, 2004) Threats Its high administrative requirements for personal material which is too inefficient to the people may bring a high competition issues by its competitors which may finally lead to them being outweighed.   Either, the general administration policies seek to reduce the interest of its customers from joining the organization in the complaint of bureaucratic requirements for customer’s service.   Either, selectivity to material under protection results to a reduced interest by making people in joining it to complain of their inability to meet the requirements for their admission. Marketing strategies Blockbuster marketing consists of varied modalities that are aimed at improving its marketing system.   A coordinated marketing strategies approach enables it to prevail in the market, which is full of other competitors. Perhaps the most evident marketing strategy attribute with Blockbuster is its decentralized positioning.   Unlike other firms which work only within a limited radius of customers’ service, Blockbuster uses online system to reach its customers.   This is a strategy that seeks to lower distance inefficiencies for services to customers. For Blockbuster, perhaps its biggest success comes from the nature of tits activities branding.   It is known to be a service provider in relation to provision of protection on piracy to peoples work.   With its services brand category, the organization attracts many customers who seek such services.   Either, piracy evident in a broad range of production works helps the organization to reach many customers. In order to capture the interest of many customers, Blockbuster has used an attractive package in pricing its services.   Its price is relatively low and varies substantially to the work under piracy protection.   Generally, Blockbuster has used a low price cost for its services which even makes it to compete with its competitors in the market.   Due to its high turnover, it has even increased in expansion over the past two years. Blockbuster offers a broad range of piracy protection services to its customers.   Such works are copyrighted material, electronic digital work and different patent righted works. The nature of its services is both on small and large scale service provisions which ensure that, it serves all the possible customers in the market. Such service is strictly devised to be online to secure different market efficiencies and economies.   This is perhaps a good market strategy that helps it to reach its customers easily. Perhaps the greatest marketing strategy that is evident with Blockbuster is its dynamic placement of it operational centers.   It consists of online provision of piracy protection service to its customers. Such method of service provision is non-discriminatory to the distances and thus customers can be served from varied places.   This decentralized marketing system helps it capture more customers. (Smith, 1997, p.112) It uses various promotion strategies to expand its catchments area; firstly, it has developed a broad internet advertisement that seeks to reach many people at different places.   Internet advertising is indiscriminative to place and other advertising inefficiencies.   Such methods help to capture many customers at cheap cash. Above internet advertising, Blockbuster has administered a personal selling strategy where it has employed its agents who personally visit customers at different point. Such agency system helps even to improve on the firms’ popularity to those who may not be aware.   Above general sales, the agents help to sale on the business stakeholder ship of the firm. The organization has engaged in diverse various promotions on its products.   It has offered cost advantages to huge customers who are offered with price reductions and other after sale services.   Other cost efficient allowances are given to new members.   Other promotions services are free offers on purchase of some service in regard to service offered or even time frame aspect. (Smith, 1997, p.59) Above all, the promotion behaviour has high sense of public relations to its customers.   Its administrative layout is designed to provide the highest customer relations that ensure developed interest by the customers to the firm’s services.   The frame of administrative structure focuses on ensuring the high customers satisfaction above efficiency and low cost of service. Reference Smith, G. (1997) The Oxford History of World Cinema. Oxford: Oxford University Press McConnell, A (2004) Making Wal-Mart Pretty: Trademarks and Aesthetic Restrictions on Big  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Box Retailers.   Duke Law Journal, vol. 53          How to cite Marketing Blockbuster, Essay examples

Thursday, April 30, 2020

The Wind and the Lion 1975

Introduction Directed by John Mulius, the film The Wind and the Lion is a masterpiece that tackles both social and political historical issues in a dramatic way. This movie explores real life events that took place in Morocco in 1904 when Raisuli, a Berber chieftain kidnapped Ion Perdicaris, an American. Interestingly, the kidnapping resulted to the two becoming friends, something that saw Ion Perdicaris’ unscathed release.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Wind and the Lion 1975 specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Running from power conflict between France, Britain, America, and German in Morocco in 1904, through President Theodore Roosevelt bid to win a re-election, to the eventual war between Americans and Germans, The Wind and the Lion is a howling, politically incorrect film that fetes martial virtues, the ultimate victory of good over evil and honor. It also celebrates the United States of America bid to become a super power in the face of the world. Critical Response It is important to note that, John Mulius has always been politically incorrect. â€Å"John Mullis is a proud member of the National Rifle Association and has on occasion described himself as a ‘Zen fascist’, no doubt to needle his more liberal acquaintances† (Whittington Para. 6). From a critical contemporary standpoint, this movie resonates well with the current situation between the United States of America and the Middle East. For acting reasons, Mulius changes the real life story a little bit by changing Ion Perdicaris from male to a female called Eden Perdicaris. Eden has two kids and they are caught in swoop pioneered by Raisuli. John Mulius uses Raisuli deliberately as a symbol of his fascism. Raisuli is against the Moroccan authorities and this is why he kidnaps people especially women and children; men who cross his way are unlucky for he simply chops their heads. In his dealings, Rais uli realizes he has a big problem to deal with when he realizes he has crossed the path of the United States of America President, Theodore Roosevelt. Due to the insatiable urge of the United States of America to wield world power, Roosevelt offers military support to deal with Raisuli. He sends a message saying, â€Å"Perdicaris alive, or Raisuli dead† (Mulius). By chipping in this act, Mulius is celebrating the power wielding nature of the United States of America. Taking into consideration that the movie was released in 1975, â€Å"when the fall of South East Asia had cemented the conventional wisdom that all military intervention was folly† (Byron 19), Mulius fetes how the United States of America rose to super power. It has taken a very short time for Americans to run out of patience and intervene by throwing in their military support.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The reason why Raisuli kidnaps women and children is not to anger the Americans; he only wants to protest against the European rule in Morocco. However, the Americans have a different agenda and despite the fact that French and German soldiers are on the ground, Americans move to offer their suspicious support. As aforementioned, in 1975, military intervention was unwelcome; nevertheless, the U.S chooses to carry on with her attacks sweeping Tangiers streets and palace arresting Bashaw, a force to reckon with in the country. All this takes place as the amazed European soldiers and diplomats watch who are now visibly insulted. Why are the Americans intervening in a situation that appears to be under control? Mulius uses this act as a way of celebrating the nature is the United States of America to dominate the world with her uncalled for interventions whilst trying to maintain her honor. At the end, Mrs. Perdicaris has to be ransomed with gold and some other concessions. Raisu li takes his captives to a distant village where he is to receive the ransom. Unfortunately, the Germans who are in waiting capture him after rescuing Mrs. Perdicaris and her children. However, America has to maintain her honor and Mrs. Perdicaris notes that the German soldiers have to play by the rules and release Raisuli to uphold the American honor. However, the German soldiers cannot bear the nonsense of releasing a criminal under the pretext of keeping an honor. Consequently, fight breaks out between the Germans and the Americans and the French soldiers rescue Raisuli in the ensuing melee. Roosevelt wins the elections and reads Raisuli’s letter saying, â€Å"I (Raisuli), like the lion, must stay in my place, while you, like the wind, will never know yours† (Mulius). Conclusion The United States of America’s agenda to wield super power comes out clearly in this movie. Raisuli is only trying to protest against European rule in Morocco; however, Roosevelt lose s his patience and intervenes to save the situation. Note that during this time military intervention is unnecessary; however, America decides to go against what many European authorities considers wisdom and launches attack on Raisuli. Even though the Americans appear to help the Germans, they eventually wage war against them in the pretext of keeping honor that they had made with Raisuli. This film is politically incorrect with Mulius echoing America’s hunger for power and honor.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Wind and the Lion 1975 specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Works Cited Byron, Stuart. â€Å"The Wind and the Lion (1975). New York Magazine. 1979. Web. Mulius, John. â€Å"The Wind and the Lion.† Herb Jaffe, 1975. Whittington, Mark. â€Å"The Wind and the Lion: John Milius’ Politically Incorrect Epic.† 2006. Web. This essay on The Wind and the Lion 1975 was written and submitted by user Aal1yah to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Saturday, March 21, 2020

The Misery by Anton Chekhov Essays

The Misery by Anton Chekhov Essays The Misery by Anton Chekhov Paper The Misery by Anton Chekhov Paper Name: Tutor: Course: Date: The Misery by Anton Chekhov 1. Misery is a short story written by Anton Chekhov. Constance Garnett translated it from Russian to English. Chekhov began writing with the purpose of raising funds for his medical education at Moscow University and upkeep for his family. In 1884, the author graduated from the University and began his medical practice. In 1886, he published his acclaimed work, Misery. The story in question revolves around Iona Potapov, an old sledge driver. It is set a week after Potapov’s son dies in a hospital, during 19th Century Russia. Other characters in the story are a military officer, three young men, a house porter and a sleepy cabman. Potapov’s horse also plays a role in the story’s proceedings. The characters mentioned, have a significant role in bringing forward Chekhov’s ideals. Anton Chekhov proposes that human beings have no concern for each other’s hardships. Various instances in the short story show this. The story begins with Iona seeking for a customer in the snowy town. Eventually, a military officer boards his sledge. Chekhov portrays the officer as an impatient and rude character. During the ride, he is as a cautious person just as well. When Iona attempts to inform him of his grief, the officer does not pay attention. They reach their destination and the old man gets new customers, three young men. The young men are obnoxious and rowdy. They pay Iona an unfair fare for the ride. When the old man attempts to inform them of his son’s death, one of the young men rubbishes Iona’s words. The young men impatiently get off the sledge at their destination. The old man decides to end his day by going to the yard. Unfortunately, he has not made enough money to feed his horse with oats. At the yard, he meets a young sledge driver. He wishes to share his grief with him, but the sleepy young man continues with his sleep. Chekhov’s story ends with Iona detailing the loss of his son to his horse as no one else seems concerned with his affairs. Chekhov is a brilliant writer. Several aspects of his writing are admirable. First, his introduction of Iona is impressive. He uses a highly descriptive style. Chekhov first describes the evening. He then describes how snow fell on that occasion, and its effect on the people and objects in the area. (Chekhov 168). Through this, the writer informs his readers that the story begins at the evening and ends at night. This instance also provides us with the season during which the story takes place. The writer also introduces the old man’s hardship through his stillness, in thought. Chekhov also provides the reader with a good description of the old man’s poor driving. He explains that the old man is restless. The writer compares the sledge’s seat to thorns. Chekhov also describes the old man’s difficulty in focusing on the road ahead. Iona, therefore, drives the sledge in a hazardous manner, nearly causing an accident. This situation provokes the military officer to speak to Iona. In turn, the old man sees this as the opportunity to justify his current state. Iona tells the officer of his son’s death. However, the officer interrupts the speech with his commands. The author uses a descriptive style to highlight the hunchback’s response to Iona’s hardship. He describes the manner which the hunchback licks his lips and coughs. This instance helps in showing the hunchback’s reluctance to share the old man’s grief. Anton Chekhov’s depiction of the characters is admirable. He develops them alongside the story’s argument. The military officer is a dismissive character. First, he assumes that Mr. Potapov is asleep by laying still. The officer asks the old man whether he is asleep or not (Chekhov 169). During the ride, Iona speaks to his passenger. At first, he assumes that the officer is ready to listen to the story of his son’s death. However, the officer closes his eyes and pretends to be deep in thought as the old man commences his story. The military officer portrays the notion that people lack genuine concern for each other’s affairs. Chekhov implies that people also take advantage of each other’s hardships in the story. He uses the three young men to portray this notion. The old man picks them up despite a terrible price for the sledge ride. (Chekhov 170). The writer explains that the old man has lost concern for the fare as his grief has occupied his mind. The three have an unsympathetic character. In response to the old man’s story, the hunchback cuts him off and tells him that they shall all die (Chekhov 172). The author portrays the sleepy cabman as a selfish person. He considers his sleep more important than listening to the old man. The writer explains that when Iona began to speak, the young man was fast asleep. Chekhov’s portrayal of grief in the story is admirable. He introduces the old man as a person stricken with grief to an extent that he is immobile. The author depicts Iona Potapov as a person who has separated himself from the society around him, and to an extent, reality. Chekhov describes the old man as white as a ghost, due to snow covering his body. Chekhov further highlights the old man’s stillness. This serves as a portrayal of his grief. When the military officer arrives, he thinks that the old man is asleep. However, he is simply sitting still in thought. The atmosphere in the story is described as dull and cold. This depiction is brought forward by Chekhov’s description of the weather. At the end of the story, the writer describes the old man’s lack of cash. As a result, he misses a meal, and his horse has to eat hay. This further contributes to the reader’s perception of the old man’s bad day. After finding no one to share his misery with, he switches to contemplation and watching his surroundings. Chekhov (174) writes, â€Å"Can he not find among these thousands someone who will listen to him? However, the crowds flit by heedless of him and his misery†¦His misery is immense, beyond all bounds. If Iona’s heart were to burst and his misery flow out, it would flood the whole world, it seems, but it is not seen. It has found a hiding-place in such an insignificant shell that one would not have found it with a candle by daylight†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Through this instance, Anton Chekhov depicts his theme of loneliness. His choice of words further enables the reader familiarity with Iona’s miserable situation. In the end, the old man decides to share his grief with his horse. After all, nobody else is interested in sharing his story. The writer informs us that Mr. Potapov’s horse listens to him as it feeds on hay. Chekhov’s story raises many questions in a readers mind. In the story, the author tackles the old man’s situation casually. A reader wonders whether misery and isolation is a daily phenomenon. From the text, the author depicts sadness as a matter of daily occurrence. Chekhov informs us that the old man’s sadness leaves for a short while, and then comes back heavier than before. The answer provided is unsatisfactory. This is proven when contemporary life is taken into consideration. Not every day happens to be a miserable day. The author has taken a disdainful stance towards the female gender. The writer implies that women are of minimal importance, and all they do is weep during serious situations. This is a derogatory pronouncement. In his efforts to create conversation with the young man, Iona should have thought of a different subject. The writer’s words may upset an audience consisting of the female gender. In the story, Chekhov implies that no person bothered to listen to Iona Potapov’s story of hardship, only an animal did. The author describes the anxiety the old man felt as he looked at the crowd. When it hits him that all the people he sees are strangers, and none is concerned with his bereavement, his pain intensifies. From that, readers wonder whether humans are so cold and ignorant of one another, focusing on themselves instead. Chekhov should have provided at least one instance of an understanding person. It is a reader’s opinion that strangers may not be compassionate to an individual’s suffering. It does not concern them, and they will try to maintain their distance. Furthermore, a reader may deduce that the writer’s sick state of health, at the time of writing, may have disoriented his thoughts on society’s positive aspects. However, Chekhov’s story is highly successful in showing that people have little concern for each other’s problems. 2. Towards the end of the story, Chekhov explains Iona’s desire to speak to someone by comparing his desire for a conversation with the aforementioned man’s thirst. When he discovers that the younger man is asleep, he thinks of what he can use as a conversation starter. However, he ends up talking to his white mare. He tells the horse, â€Å"That’s how it is, old girl. . . . Kuzma Ionitch is gone. . . . He said goodby to me. . . . He went and died for no reason. . .(Chekhov 174)† The writer explains that Iona’s horse eats as it listens to the old man. Chekhov tells us that this simple act carries away the old man. From this, a reader may deduce the ending as a relatively happy one. The writer has solved the conflict of the story. The old man yearns for someone to listen to what he had to say, throughout the story. Amazingly, the horse grants his wish, as he feeds it hay. However, Chekhov should have adopted a different end to the story. An ending with the man talking to the horse is unsatisfactory. A horse is incapable of providing compassion to the old man. Furthermore, the horse is unable to understand the old man’s problems. Furthermore, it is an assumption that the old man knew the horse was listening to him. After all, the writer describes that the old man was carried away as he spoke to the horse (Chekhov 175). As stated earlier, Chekhov wishes to show that people have lost compassion for each other, during times of suffering. Towards the end of his story, Chekhov contradicts his earlier proposition. The writer states that the old man had not earned enough to pay for his horse’s oats. He relates this situation to the misery he has experienced throughout that day. The old man further states that people who have enough to eat ate always happy with their situation (Chekhov 174). From that instance, the old man implies that his misery is attributable to lacking enough money, and in consequence, food. That statement discounts the old man’s earlier need to share his grief, on his son’s death, with strangers. An appropriate ending should reflect the writer’s earlier argument on the old man’s grief. The best ending would be right before the author says, â€Å"His misery is immense, beyond all bounds. If Iona’s heart were to burst and his misery to flow out, it would flood the whole world, it seems, but it is not seen. It has found a hiding-place in such an insignificant shell that one would not have found it with a candle by daylight. . . .(Chekhov 170).† In that scenario, the story ends with an aura of misery. Iona wished for a person to listen to him, which nobody did. This ending enables the story to maintain relevance to the stated theme. Scenarios such as the talk with his horse, and the young man, are cut down on. Such an ending also emphasizes the cruelty of people, as portrayed by the crowd. The story has a dull mood, as described by the weather and speech. The proposed ending will enhance the story’s mood. Furthermore, at the chosen point in the story, a reader experiences its climax. An ending at the suggested point will serve to enhance literary t ools such as suspense to the reader. In the story, Anton Chekhov presents an interesting argument. He implies that humans have lost concern for their counterparts in the society. Various instances justify this thought, in the story. This article supports the aforementioned notion. However, it also mentions differing ideals, to provide an argument to Chekhov’s views. The writer’s positive aspects receive acknowledgement in the essay. Just as well, the article raises various propositions, for the purposes of improving the story. In this light, the essay provides an appropriate alternative to the previous ending. Top of Form Chekhov, Anton P, Okla Elliott, Kyle Minor, and Constance Garnett. The Other Chekhov. Fort Collins, Colo.: New American Press, 2008. Print. Top of Form Bottom of Form Bottom of Form

Wednesday, March 4, 2020

The Difference Between Bienvenu and Bienvenue

The Difference Between 'Bienvenu' and 'Bienvenue' Mistakes will always be made in French, and now you can learn from them. When wanting to express Welcome! as a stand-alone phrase, beginners to French will often write  Bienvenu! ​instead of  the correct spelling of Bienvenue! Explanation of Bienvenue vs. Bienvenu Bienvenue used as a greeting is short for je vous souhaite la bienvenue, which literally means I wish you welcome. When saying Welcome! with no verb, you always have to use the feminine:  Bienvenue! Bienvenu with no e is an adjective often used as a noun conforming to a subject. To use this spelling of Bienvenu, the employed sentence needs to have a subject. Because of this, only when using a complete sentence can you say either Soyez le bienvenu or Soyez la bienvenue, according to the gender of the person you are talking to. You can say Soyez les bienvenus if its more than one person. The distinction is confusing and often leads to mistakes. A famous example is that of a sign in Utah that reads: Bienvenu internationale voyageurs. This sentence is wrong on many levels. Because it possesses no subject, the correct spelling would be Bienvenue ending with an e. In this instance, it would also need to be followed by the preposition . On a different but related note, the adjective international should be plural instead of feminine (to agree with voyageurs), and it should follow rather than precede the noun. The apostrophe has no business there either. Better French Greetings for the sign would be: Bienvenue aux voyageurs internationauxVoyageurs internationaux : soyez les bienvenus

Monday, February 17, 2020

Report market sells product internationally Essay

Report market sells product internationally - Essay Example The report would also include an analysis of the market segments and the beer market in the nation. The report would also showcase the market entry strategies and a specific product mix for the new market and would also include an analysis of the integrated marketing communication and other market strategies for entering the market successfully. Finally a set of plausible recommendations would be prepared that would be framed on the basis of the study conducted in the course of research. The present era of business environment is largely stated by various circles as the age of turbulence and intense competition. The entry of globalisation has made the world turn into a boundary less structure with firms expanding beyond political and geographic boundaries to reach out to new markets. This has also triggered a wave of competition among the organizations to establish their organizations in the market. The present study would deal with the international expansion of a beer company in the UK market. The choice of the market assumes significance considering the presence of a strong demand and favourable future opportunities in the nation. Background According to a report published by Nielsen the total beer industry in UK is valued at 3.48 billion pounds with volumes expected to be around 18.7 million hl. This shows a considerable scope for business in the market. However the market is also characterised by intense levels of competition as the market is dotted with a large number of players with highly established brand image and formidable brand positioning (Nielsen, 2009, p.6). Aim The main aim of this study would be to frame a business report that would try to uncover the business potential of UK as a beer market. The report would try to analyse the business market of the nation and would frame up a market entry plan that would also include formulating a product mix specifically designed for the UK market. The report would also cover the aspect of positioning and integrated marketing communication as well as an entry strategy for the company in the UK market. Scope The business report would analyse the business attractiveness of a new market in the context of the beer market in UK. The report would analyse the appropriateness in choosing the UK market as a destination for investment for foreign market players in the beer industry. Country Information Geographies UK is one of the most developed economies of the world with its importance being that of one of the pioneer nations of the industrial revolution. Geographically the nation is located in Western Europe with a total area of 243,610 square kilometres. The nation has a long coastline in the Atlantic Ocean that serves as its sea link with the USA. London the capital city of the nation is also known as the commercial and financial hubs of the world with

Monday, February 3, 2020

Link between Al Ain Distribution Company strategy and CSR Essay

Link between Al Ain Distribution Company strategy and CSR - Essay Example AADC‘s mission is to service current demand of water and electricity. AADC’s responsibility â€Å"is to reliably, securely and safely distribute water and electricity from Transco’s termination points to residential, commercial, agricultural and government consumers in the Al Ain Region. (AADC). The social responsibility of AADC has been incorporated in this mission that specifies reliability in the course of its operation. Corporate responsibility is about how the company aligns its values and behavior with the expectations and needs of stakeholders, customers, employees, suppliers, communities, regulators, special interest groups and society. (CSR Network) Issues that are covered by the CSR are governance, environmental management, stakeholder engagement, labor standards, employee and community relations, social equity, responsible sourcing and human rights. AADC is expected to be a reliable supplier of clean and potable water to the district as well as a steady supplier of electricity in an effective cost manner. ADC sees shortage of water supply in the future that has to be resolved and at the same time considers the operating costs related to this. It has the social responsibility of correct billing information to customers. It has to devise a system that will address lack of metering process; manual calculations and IT system bring incorrect billing to customers. It has the social responsibility to manage the company profitably for the interest of stakeholders. AADC has the responsibility to develop and train its human resources, provide adequate pay, to motivate them for satisfactory performance and employee retention. AADC has the social equity responsibility to remove discrimination on work policy and ethics particularly on hiring of women in order to fill the lack of manpower. AADC’s social responsibility and commitments to Health, Safety and Environment. (AADE) AADC aims to minimize HSE risks

Sunday, January 26, 2020

Intervention to Increase Exercise Levels of Diabetes Patient

Intervention to Increase Exercise Levels of Diabetes Patient An intervention to increase the participation levels of Physical Activity in patients diagnosed with Type II diabetes Background Physical activity is an increasingly important health issue with physical inactivity being associated with many chronic diseases. Physical inactivity has been identified as the fourth biggest risk factor for mortality, accounting for 6% of deaths globally [1]. However, despite strong evidence in support of the health benefits of physical activity, few people actually meet the recommended guideline level [2]. In 2008, less than 20% of adults aged 65-74 met the recommended level of physical activity [3]. Diabetes is the fifth most common cause of death in the world [4] affecting around 250 million people worldwide, a figure expected to increase to over 336 million by 2030 [5]. Type II diabetes is widespread amongst 90% of diabetic patients, found to be more common in older adults [6]. Obesity accounts for 80-85% of Type II diabetics, making it the most potent risk factor [7]. Research has shown that regular physical activity has positive benefits for Type II diabetes in that it improves body’s sensitivity to insulin and helps manage blood glucose levels [8], as well as improving an individual’s physical and mental well-being. This Indicates that physical activity is vital in both preventing and treating Type II diabetes, as well as preventing further chronic health conditions. Literature Review Self-determination theory (SDT) [9] accounts for the processes that facilitate motivational development and how the social environment can enhance or diminish self-motivation. SDT is a popular social-cognitive theory, which maintains and has provided support for the proposition that all human beings have fundamental psychological needs: competence, autonomy, and relatedness. Satisfaction of these basic psychological needs (BPN) leads to intrinsic or extrinsic motivation which influences the level of self-determined motivation an individual possesses, whereas preventing these needs promotes controlled motivation or amotivation [10]. Motivational interviewing (MI) is a scientifically tested counselling method, viewed as a useful intervention strategy in the treatment of lifestyle problems and disease. The concept of MI evolved from the experience of treating alcoholism, first described by Miller in 1983 [11]. Miller and Rollnick defined MI as ‘a directive, client-centred counselling style for eliciting behaviour change, by helping clients to explore and resolve ambivalence’ [12]. MI is a particular way of helping clients recognise and do something about their current or potential problems. It is viewed as being particularly useful for clients who are reluctant or hesitant about changing their behaviour. A systematic review and meta-analysis [13] of 72 randomised controlled trials shows that MI in a scientific setting outperforms traditional advice giving in the treatment of a range of behavioural problems and diseases. It also shows that MI had a significant effect in approximately three out of four studies, with an equal effect on physiological (72%) and psychological (75%) diseases [13]. Large-scale studies are now needed to prove that it can be implemented into daily clinical work in primary and secondary health care. Research [14] has shown MI to be an effective intervention for weight loss and improving glycaemic control. Patients with Type II diabetes were randomly allocated to an MI group, a Cognitive Behavioural Group Training (CBGT) or a control group and tested before and after each intervention. The findings of this study showed that in MI and CBGT, mean Body Mass Index (BMI) was significantly lower than the control group, indicating MI and CBGT is a useful intervention in helping adults with type II diabetes lose weight [14]. MI has been criticised for lacking a coherent theoretical framework for understanding its process and efficacy. It is believed that SDT can offer such a framework [15]. MI and SDT are based on the assumption that humans have an innate tendency for personal growth toward psychological integration, and that MI provides the social–environmental facilitating factors suggested by SDT to promote this tendency [15]. Aim To evaluate the effectiveness of using motivational interviewing to increase the level of physical activity of older adults diagnosed with type II diabetes, through satisfying their basic psychological needs. Design A randomised control trial design will be used, to establish a cause and effect relationship between the intervention – MI, and the outcome – increase in physical activity. A control group will be used to compare against the intervention group, allowing the researcher to see if MI has a specific effect on the intended behaviour change (increase in physical activity). It also allows any potential ‘other factors’, away from the attention of the intervention which may contribute to an increase in physical activity to be identified. The participants, to prevent selection bias, will be randomly allocated to a group using a computer. Sample Participants need to be classified as physically inactive (participate in less than 30 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise, 3 times a week), diagnosed with Type II diabetes and aged 65+. Participants will be recruited through letters sent out via General Practitioners (GPs) to patients and through advertisements in health centres and doctors surgeries. Although currently classified as physically inactive the participant must be willing to engage in physical activity, and therefore must gain medical clearance, from their GP, to participate in the study. The recruitment of participants will be done throughout England in order to gain a large, reliable sample which can be generalised to the wider population. Intervention Miller and Rollnick [12] suggested that MI is based on the following principles: express empathy, develop discrepancy, avoid argumentation, roll with resistance, and support self-efficacy [12]. The strategies of MI are more persuasive than forced, more supportive than argumentative, and the overall goal is to increase the client’s intrinsic motivation so that change arises from within [15]. The practitioner should aim to produce a social environment satisfying participants BPN, which should promote their motivation to participate in physical activity. The structure provided by the practitioner, such as helping the client develop appropriate goals and providing positive feedback, targets the psychological need for competence. The provision of autonomy support by using client-centred strategies like rolling with resistance, exploring options, and letting the client make decisions, all support the need for autonomy. The involvement of the client by the practitioner in terms of ex pressing empathy, demonstrating an understanding and avoiding criticism support the need for relatedness [16]. To increase the likelihood of physical activity participants can chose whether their MI sessions are at their local leisure centre or hospital, or via telephone calls. The intervention program will last for 18months. In the first three months the participants will receive weekly sessions, then from month three to six they will have fortnightly sessions, and for the final 12months they will receive one session per month. A follow up study will also be completed 24months after the intervention started. It is important that practitioners provide the participants with knowledge, guidance and support to enable them to make decisions. The control group will have social phone calls and meetings like the intervention group but no MI in the sessions they will just be encouraged to maintain their current physical activity level. Assessment The outcome of the intervention will be measured at intervals: baseline, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months and 18 months. A follow up study will also be completed 24months after the intervention started. The study will adopt three measures. The first is a general questionnaire measure to obtain demographic information, such as participants’ age, sex and current physical activity levels. The second measure is the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE) [17]. PASE is a valid, brief and easy scored survey designed specifically to assess physical activity in epidemiologic studies of persons age 65 years and older [17].The final measure used will be the Basic Need Satisfaction Scale [18]. This will assess the extent to which the participant felt their practitioner was satisfying their BPN. All these measures have been found to be valid and reliable. The same measures will be used at each interval to assess changes/improvements, as well as being used in the follow up to see if th eir behaviour change has been sustained. Limitations There are a few limitations to consider. Firstly, the study aims to recruit a large sample of participants for a long period of time; it will be hard for the researcher to keep all the participants for the duration, resulting in a high dropout rate, making the result unreliable and un-generalizable. Secondly, the intervention requires time, especially at the start when the participant is required to attend weekly meetings. If the participant(s) has a lack of time then they are not going to be able to attend weekly meetings as well as completing the physical activity. In term of the intervention used, MI is based on the idea that a client must be willing to work with a professional to change behaviours, a client in denial will be unaffected by MI questions and advice. Also, outside influences maybe stronger, meaning that in a clinical setting the participant is motivated to change but when they return home they may return back to original behaviour.

Friday, January 17, 2020

Banking Regulation Act Summary

BANKING REGULATIONS ACT 1949 The Banking Regulation Act was passed as the Banking Companies Act 1949 and came into force wef 16. 3. 49. Subsequently it was changed to Banking Regulations Act 1949 wef 01. 03. 66. Summary of some important sections is provided hereunder. The section no. is given at the end of each item. For details, kindly refer the bare Act. * Banking means accepting for the purpose of lending or investment of deposits of money from public repayable on demand or otherwise and withdrawable by cheque, drafts order or otherwise (5 (i) (b)). Banking company means any company which transacts the business of banking (5(i)(c) * Transact banking business in India (5 (i) (e). * Demand liabilities are the liabilities which must be met on demand and time liabilities means liabilities which are not demand liabilities (5(i)(f) * Secured loan or advances means a loan or advance made on the security of asset the market value of which is not at any time less than the amount of such l oan or advances and unsecured loan or advances means a loan or advance not secured (5(i)(h). Defines business a banking company may be engaged in like borrowing, lockers, letter of credit, traveller cheques, mortgages etc (6(1). * States that no company shall engage in any form of business other than those referred in Section 6(1) (6(2). * For banking companies carrying on banking business in India to use at least one word bank, banking, banking company in its name (7). * Restrictions on business of certain kinds such as trading of goods etc. (8) * Prohibits banks from holding any immovable property howsoever acquired except as acquired for its own use for a period exceeding 7 years from acquisition of the property. RBI may extend this period by five years (9) * Prohibitions on employments like Chairman, Directors etc (10) * Paid up capital, reserves and rules relating to these (11 & 12) * Banks not to pay any commission, brokerage, discount etc. more than 2. 5% of paid up value of one share (13) * Prohibits a banking company from creating a charge upon any unpaid capital of the company. (14) Section 14(A) prohibits a banking company from creating a floating charge on the undertaking or any property of the company without the RBI permission. * Prohibits payment of dividend by any bank until all of its capitalised expenses have been completely written off (15) * To create reserve fund and 20% of the profits should be transferred to this fund before any dividend is declared (17 (1)) * Cash reserve – Non-scheduled banks to maintain 3% of the demand and time liabilities by way of cash reserves with itself or by way of balance in a current account with RBI (18) * Permits banks to form subsidiary company for certain purposes (19) * No banking company shall hold shares in any company, whether as pledgee, mortgagee or absolute owners of any amount exceeding 30% of its own paid up share capital + reserves or 30% of the paid up share capital of that company whichever is less. (19(2). Restrictions on banks to grant loan to person interested in management of the bank (20) * Power to Reserve Bank to issue directive to banks to determine policy for advances (21) * Every bank to maintain a percentage of its demand and time liabili ties by way of cash, gold, unencumbered securities 25%-40% as on last Friday of 2nd preceding fortnight (24). * Return of unclaimed deposits (10 years and above) (26) * Every bank has to publish its balance sheet as on March 31st (29). * Balance sheet is to be got audited from qualified auditors (30 (i)) * Publish balance sheet and auditors report within 3 months from the end of period to which they refer. RBI may extend the period by further three month (31) * Prevents banks from producing any confidential information to any authority under Indl Disputes Act. (34A) * RBI authorised to undertake inspection of banks (35). * Amendment carried in the Act during 1983 empowers Central Govt to frame rules specifying the period for which a bank shall preserve its books (45-y), nomination facilities (45ZA to ZF) and return a paid instrument to a customer by keeping a true copy (45Z). * Certain returns are also required to be sent to RBI by banks such as monthly return of liquid assets and liabilities (24-3), quarterly return of assets and liabilities in India (25), return of unclaimed deposits i. e. 10 years and above (26) and monthly return of assets and liabilities (27-1).

Thursday, January 9, 2020

What is the prevalence of religion among modern student communities in the UK - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 8 Words: 2463 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Religion Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? To what extent can patterns of religiosity in this social context be said to differ from other and previous contexts? Introduction The past half century has seen dramatic social change in which changes in religiosity are only a small part. Modern British society is multi-cultural and multi-ethnic; women routinely work outside the home; education is freely available and most forms of discrimination, including discrimination on religious grounds, have been outlawed. From the 21st century standpoint, it seems incredible that women were once denied the right to a university education,that third-level access was almost exclusively the preserve of the elite or, indeed, that universities ever demanded conformity to the Established Church. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "What is the prevalence of religion among modern student communities in the UK?" essay for you Create order In light of such social development, it is unsurprising that the UKs student community has a markedly different attitude towards religion than its predecessors. This brief essay has a great deal of material vying for space. Consequently, there are inevitable omissions, such as an assessment of religions such as Islam which are bucking the secularisation trend. However, it will examine the function of religion as observed by Durkheim, Parsons and Marx before reflecting on Webers insights to place discussions in a sociological context. The essay will also outline and engage with the concept of community and explore how Tonnies (1887) observations are relevant when considering the motivations and affiliations of a transient student cohort. This essay will seek to establish the facts about religious affiliation and observance as revealed in historical and contemporary studies. Finally, it will assess the extent of changing societal norms on religious observance à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" not only among students, but also among the wider British community. Religion and Sociology Christians view God as omnipotent, eternal, and assert that God must be worshipped. In contrast, the Dugum Dai of New Guinea believe the spirits of the dead cause sickness and death and must be placated by ritual. The Sioux invoke benevolent powers to make rain fall and crops grow. What is evident from these few examples is that defining religion is challenging. However, sociologists have offered two possible approaches: a functional perspective and a substantive viewpoint (Haralambos and Holborn, 2004). The substantive viewpoint examines what is believed and, as such, is beyond the scope of this essay although it is worth noting that Durkheim (1961) argued that all societies divide the world between the sacred and the profane, and, by attaching mystic symbolism to certain things, set them apart. However, he also took a functionalist standpoint, positing that the shared beliefs and values thus created form the collective conscience which enforces social order, while emphasising the importance of group ritual to enhance societal bonds (Durkheim, 1961). Functionalists, therefore, analyse religion in terms of how it contributes to meeting societal need (Haralambos and Holborn, 2004). Talcott Parsons (1964) also examined religion from a functionalist perspective, arguing that human behaviour is regulated by the norms applicable in that society. In his view, religion not only offered standards against which acceptable human conduct could be measured; it also provided a mechanism for dealing with life-changing events such as bereavement. However, as society developed, Parsons foresaw religion losing many of its functions (Parsons, 1964). The functionalist position is that values which are no longer functional, i.e. no longer fulfil the needs of society, do not survive (Haralambos and Holborn, 2014). Marx also saw religion as functional, but he deemed it an illusion which eases the pain produced by exploitation and oppression (Haralambos and Holborn, 2004:409) Furthermore religion, in Marxs view, helped the ruling class to justify their wealth: The parson has ever gone hand in hand with the landlord (cited in Haralambos and Holborn, 2004:410). Marx believed that religion would lose its function and disappear as a classless society emerged. Insights offered by these scholars suggest that religion helps to maintain the status quo and that change in religious belief is driven by change in the wider society. However, Weber took a different view, arguing that religion had driven societal change. The ascetic Calvinist sect he described believed that those chosen to go to Heaven were selected by God before their birth. They reasoned that only Gods chosen people would be able to lead a good life on earth, a belief which produced people who were focussed on work, as wealth indicated chosen status: In short, religion provides the theodicy of good fortune for those who are fortunate. (Weber, in Gerth and Mills (eds) 1946:271) Coupled with a frug al Protestant lifestyle, this led to the accumulation of capital, investment and reinvestment and ultimately capitalist society itself: Only the methodical way of life of the ascetic sects could legitimate and put a halo around the economic individualist impulses of the modern capitalist ethos. (Weber, in Gerth and Mills (eds) 1946:322) According to Haralambos and Holborn (2004:419) Weber asserted that the pursuit of profit triggered an emphasis on rational calculation. However, Weber distinguished between formal rationality, involving numerical calculations, and substantive rationality, involving action towards specific goals such as justice or equality. Substantive morality, including the morality demanded by religious beliefs, held less significance in capitalist societies. Weber saw rationality as being incompatible with religious faith and Protestant religion as the inevitable precursor of secularisation. (Haralambos and Holborn, 2004). Community The modernisation, rationalisation and secularisation of society also impacted on the concept of community. Tonnies (1887) first drew attention to the contrast between Gemeinschaft, which he saw as the intimate, private community, and Gesellschaft, which more closely equated to the wider society associated with the world of work and public life: In Gemeinschaft (community) with ones family, one lives from birth on bound to it in weal and woe. One goes into Gesellschaft (society) as one goes into a strange country. (Tonnies, 1887, in Worsley (ed) 1978:409) The transition from home to higher education is, indeed, similar to going into a strange country with different rules and expectations. This inevitably leads to the formation of new forms of Gesellschaft as students create associations and make decisions based on substantive rationality in order to achieve personal goals. This is significant because the diminished influence of Gemeinschaft may cause students to reflect on previous ly unquestioned religious beliefs. Religiosity Turning to the available information on religion in the UK, Bruce (1996, 2002), who has written extensively on religion and secularisation, observed a significant decline in religiosity. Whilst it is worth noting that official statistics only date back to the 2001 Census, several major organisations including the British Social Attitudes Survey (BSAS) and British Household Panel Survey (BHPS) have researched religious affiliation since the 1970s. However, the 2011 UK census figures confirm that the number of people stating that they had no religion increased across all age groups since the 2001 census, now forming the second largest grouping after Christianity, and particularly so among the 20-24 and 40-44 age groups (Office for National Statistics [ONS] 2013). The 20-24 age group is significant for this essay as it would contain much of the student population, but comparison with other surveys is problematic. YouGov (2011) working on behalf of the British Humanist Association (BHA ) found that only 9% of people reported having attended a place of worship within the past week. They also found that when asked directly What is your religion? 39% of respondents said they had none. However, when the same sample group was asked, as a follow up question, Are you religious? 65% said they were not. This apparent contradiction suggests that nominal religious affiliations may outlive faith or religious practice. According to the BSAS Report (2014), the percentage of the population claiming to have no religion rose from 31.4% in 1983 to 50.6% in 2013 and among the 15-24 age group the figure rose to almost 70% (BHA, undated). A study of the student population reveals that around one third say they have no religion which is slightly more than the Census indicates but still in line with most other surveys while 27% indicate membership of a faith society in their institution, surely indicating a significant religious commitment. This figure rose to 63% of Jews, 48% of Musl ims and 44% of Sikhs (Weller et al, 2011). However, as this was a self-selecting sample for an online survey, accessed through unspecified gatekeepers, the results should be viewed with caution. Nevertheless, assuming that most students come from a (nominally) Christian background, their need to retain distinct ties to their faith in the college environment appears weaker than that of other religions. It is notable that not all universities are secular or non-denominational, a potentially significant factor in sustaining religious observance. Many institutions are faith-based, such as Blackfriars Hall in Oxford and Roehampton University in London which have a Roman Catholic ethos (Catholic Links, 2015). Non-Christians can also study in culturally-appropriate environments such as that of Cambridge Muslim College (2015). Students in these and similar institutions may be inherently more religious than their counterparts in secular/non-denominational colleges and universities and see religious observance as an important part of their college life. However, it could also be argued that if these students come from families or ethnic groups with a strong religious ethos, then parental preference could have influenced selection of their place of study. Discussion Several early commentators, including Wilson (1966) and Bruce (1996) noted the secularisation process taking place in the UK, with Bruce (2002) asserting that as society fragments into a plethora of cultural and religious groupings, religion becomes a matter of personal choice. In Durkheims view, society and spiritual belief were intrinsically intertwined: Primitive man comes to view society as something sacred because he is utterly dependent on it (Durkheim, 1961, cited in Haralambos and Holborn, 2004:407). MacIver and Page once said that The mark of a community is that ones life may be lived wholly within it (MacIver and Page, 1949, cited in Worsley, (ed) 1978:410). In contrast, students leaving home to enter higher education are distanced from their Gemeinschaft and exposed to new ideas and codes of behaviour, including, one presumes, alternative belief systems or, indeed, agnosticism or atheism. As noted earlier, Weber claimed that, in a modern society, motivating forces were n o longer spiritual or supernatural; they were rational, involving a personal assessment of how to attain specific goals (Weber: in Gerth and Mills, 1948). The students goal is presumably to succeed academically, which may necessitate forming new alliances outside the community of shared religious observance. In todays diverse, multi-cultural, and inclusive student population, patterns of religiosity reflect the wider community in that they differ significantly from previous generations (ONS, 2013). Nevertheless, the available Census statistics suggest that this may be related to age rather than educational status, as many students fall into the 20-24 age group (ONS, 2013). Whilst Bruce (2002) acknowledges that religion can remain an integral part of ones beliefs despite diminished political and social significance, Weller (2011) noted that certain religious groups were more likely to join faith-related student societies. Seeking out the familiarity of a religious community may be related to cultural or ethnic origins, or the religious ethos of the educational institution attended. The discussion, therefore, must consider other factors which could influence student religiosity. With an estimated 22% of students continuing to live with their family while they study (Marsh, 2014:np) almost four out of five young people entering college live independently, probably for the first time. The student community is an excellent example of Gesellschaft, with its own rules and norms, and for that reason membership of college groups or societies could fulfil many of the functions previously filled by the home-town religious community. However, Bruce (2002) noted the persistence of individual religious belief, even when it no longer held political or social significance. While patterns of religiosity may differ and it is entirely credible that even a committed religious students attendance at faith ceremonies may be infrequent that does not prove that they have comp letely abandoned the faith in which they were reared. On reflection, the available data suggests that the student population is not markedly less religious than the wider community and that changes in British religiosity shown in the 2011 Census (ONS, 2013) are mirrored in trends revealed among a predominantly young student population. Certainly, the evidence suggests that secularisation, although advancing steadily, is proceeding at roughly the same pace within and without the student community. This essay has already noted the functionalist argument, applying equally to the Marxist analysis as it does to views expressed by Parsons and Durkheim, which posits that values which cease to serve a function do not survive (Haralambos and Holborn, 2014). Nevertheless, despite the rise of secularism and the secular influences which students face, there is evidence suggesting that they are not consigning religion to history without considerable soul-searching. Early in 2013, noted atheis t Richard Dawkins was the guest of Cambridge Union for a high-profile debate against former Archbishop of Canterbury Rowan Williams, current Master of Magdalene College, Cambridge. The motion This house believes Religion has no place in the 21st Century was defeated by 324 versus 138 votes (Jing, 2013,np). The secularisation debate among the student population is, it seems, not over yet. Bibliography British Humanist Association (undated). Religion and Belief: Some surveys and statistics. Available at https://humanism.org.uk/campaigns/religion-and-belief-some-surveys-and-statistics/ Retrieved 25.8.2015 British Social Attitudes Survey (2014). Report. In British Humanist Association. Available at https://humanism.org.uk/campaigns/religion-and-belief-some-surveys-and-statistics/ Retrieved 25.8.2015 Bruce, S (1996). Religion in the Modern World: From Cathedrals to Cults. Oxford, Oxford University Press. Bruce, S (2002). God is Dead. Oxford, Blackwell. Catholic Links (2015). Roman Catholic Universities, Available at: www.catholiclinks.org/uniextrjengland.htm. Retrieved 25.8.2015 Durkheim, E, (1961). The Elementary Forms of the Religious Life. New York, Collier Books Gerth, H, and Mills, C (eds) 1948. From Max Weber, Essays in Sociology. London, Routledge and Kegan Paul Haralambos, M, and Holborn, M (2004). Sociology, Themes and Perspectives. 6th. Edition. London , HarperCollins Jing, G (ed) 2013. Dawkins Defeated in Cambridge Union Religion Debate. In: The Cambridge Student, 1.2.2013. Available at https://www.tcs.cam.ac.uk/news/0024661-dawkins-defeated-in-cambridge-union-religion-debate.html. Retrieved 23.8.15 MacIver and Page (1961) The Mark of a Community is That Ones Life May be Lived Wholly Within It. In Worsley, P (ed) Modern Sociology: Introductory Readings. 2nd Edition, 1978:410-411. London, Penguin. Marsh, S (2014) Rise of the live-at-home student commuter in The Guardian, 26.8.2014. Available at https://www.theguardian.com/education/2014/aug/26/rise-live-at-home-student-commuter. Retrieved 30.8.2015 Office for National Statistics, 2013. What does the census tell us about religion in 2011? Available at https://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/infographics/what-does-the-census-tell-us-about-religion-in-2011-/index.html. Retrieved 25.8.2015 Parsons, T, (1964). Essays in Sociological Theory. New York, Free Press. Tonnies, F (1887) The Contrast between Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft Trans. Worsley, P (ed), 1978. Modern Sociology, Introductory Readings. pp 409-410. 2nd edition. Harmondsworth, Penguin. Weller, P, Hooley, T, and Moore, N (2011). Religion and Belief in Higher Education: the experiences of staff and students.[pdf]. Equality Challenge Unit. Available at https://www.ecu.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/external/religion-and-belief-staff-and-students-in-he-report.pdf. Retrieved 25.8.2015. Wilson, B, (1966). Religion in a Secular Society. London, C.A Watts. Worsley, P (1978) Modern Sociology: Introductory Readings. 2nd Edition. London, Penguin. YouGov (2011) Religion and Belief: Some surveys and statistics. British Humanist Association. Undated. Available at https://humanism.org.uk/campaigns/religion-and-belief-some-surveys-and-statistics/ Accessed 25.8.2015